Patterns of profile variability of drained peat soil properties

  • S. Kolomiyets Institute of water problems and land reclamation NAAS
  • S. Kika Institute of water problems and land reclamation NAAS
Keywords: physical and water-physical properties, profile variability, structure of pore space of peat

Abstract

Actuality. The problems of efficient use of drained peat soils are increasingly becoming the focus for meliorators, ecologists and the public in Ukraine. The purpose of the article is the publication of new knowledge on the patterns and mechanism of transformation of physical and water-physical properties of peat soils using new methods of laboratory research that will promote harmonization of productive and ecological functions of drained peatlands.

Research methodology. The research was carried out using six samples of peat soil with unchanged structure, selected from different depths of two soil profiles in the territory of Sarny experimental station. The hydrophysical studies of moisture-holding capacity of samples were conducted using a radial scheme in accordance with the requirements of DSTU ISO 11274. The test algorithm was as follows: saturation of the sample to maximum moisture capacity under vacuum, rapid desorption, equilibrium sorption and re-desorption, determination of the final soil moisture and density, calculations and construction of graphs. The innovation of laboratory research is the determination of a capillary hysteresis loop of moisture-holding capacity, characteristics of peat pore space structure and the calculation of the values ​​of field moisture-holding capacity according to the normalized descriptive kinetic graph.

Results. The quantitative patterns of density decrease with the depth and a rise of maximum moisture-holding capacity (MWHC) and field moisture-holding capacity (FMHC) are established. The values of these parameters for the arable layer are significantly different from the properties of deep horizons. The patterns of the profile variability of parameters are identical for both soil profiles. The most informative indicator was the structure of the pore space of peat soils.

A comparative analysis of the porous space structure of different soil layers suggests that the transformation in soil density and water-physical parameters of MWHC and FMHC in the arable layer occurs due to a decrease in the total pore volume, when the size of the pores is smaller than r <2.5×10-3cm, which are located preferably in undecayed plant residues in accordance with the model of double porosity of peat.

The structure of the pore space of the arable layer indicates the presence of the processes of secondary epigenetic self-organization of decayed organic mass with the formation of the structural macroporosity of the peat soil, which can be purposefully controlled.

References

1. Torfovo-zemelnyy resurs Ukrayiny (koncepcіya kompleksnogo vykorystannya) / za red. V.P. Sytnyka, R.S. Truskaveckogo. Harkіv: NNC «ІGA іm. O.N. Sokolovskogo», 2010. 71 s.
2. Ekologo-ekonomycheskoe obosnovanye melyoracyy torfyano-bolotnyh kompleksov y tehnologyy yh racyonalnogo yspolzovanyya / pod obschey red. prof. Yu.A. Mazhayskogo. Ryazan: FGBOU VPO RGATU, 2012. – 302 s.
3. Zaydelman F.R., Shvarov A.P. Pyrogennaya y gydrotermycheskaya degradacyya torfyanyh pochv, yh agroekologyya, peschanye kultury zemledelyya, rekultyvacyya. Moskva: Yzd. MGU, 2002. 168 s.
4. Ekologіya vodno-bolotnyh ugіd і torfovysch (zbіrnyk naukovyh statey) // Gol. red. V.V. Konіschuk. Kyyiv: TOV «NVP«Іnterservіs», 2014. 300 s.
5. Sіlskogospodarske vykorystannya osushuvanyh zemel gumіdnoyi zony Ukrayiny. Metodychnі rekomendacіyi. Kyyiv: Agrarna nauka, 2000. 75 s.
6. Kopytovskyh A.V., Bohonko V.Y. Effektyvnost osushenyya bolotnyh ekosystem v Belorusskom Polese // Ekologycheskoe sostoyanyya pryrodnoy sredy y nauchno-praktycheskye aspekty sovremennyh melyoratyvnyh tehnologyy: Sb. nauchnyh trudov / Pod obschey red. Yu.A. Mazhayskogo. Ryazan: Mescherskyy fylyal GNU VNYYGYM Rosselhozakademyy, 2008. Vyp. 3. S. 344-348.
7. Kolomіyec S.S., Pylypchuk І.M. Ekologіchno zbalansovane vykorystannya osushuvanyh torfovysch u melіoratyvnomu zemlerobstvі // Melіoracіya і vodne gospodarstvo. 2017. Vyp. 105. S. 67-70.
8. Kolomіyec S.S. Ekologіchna harakterystyka ґruntu. // Vіsnyk agrarnoyi nauky. 1999. № 12. S. 9-13.
9. Sposіb vyznachennya struktury porovogo prostoru ґruntіv (dyspersnyh seredovysch) : pat. 45287 Ukrayina. MPK G01N 15/08 ; zayavl. 04.12.2008 ; opubl. 10.11.2009, Byul. № 21.
10. DSTU ISO 11274:2001. Yakіst ґruntu. Vyznachennya vodoutrymuvalnoyi harakterystyky. Laboratornі metody. Kyyiv : Derzhstandart Ukrayiny, 2003. 24 s. (Nacіonalnyy standart Ukrayiny).
11. DSTU ISO 11276:2001. Yakіst ґruntu. Vyznachennya tysku porovoyi vody. Metod z vykorystovuvannyam tenzіometrіv. Kyyiv : Derzhstandart Ukrayiny, 2003. (Nacіonalnyy standart Ukrayiny).
12. Rozrobyty metod vyznachennya naymenshoyi vologomіstkostі rіznyh typіv ґruntіv z urahuvannyam yihnoyi vodoutrymuvalnoyi harakterystyky: zvіt pro NDR (zaklyuchnyy, 2014-2015 rr.). № DR 0113U007808 / ІVPіM NAAN. Kyyiv, 2015. 101 s.
Published
2017-12-24
How to Cite
Kolomiyets, S., & Kika, S. (2017). Patterns of profile variability of drained peat soil properties. Land Reclamation and Water Management, 106(2), 15 - 21. Retrieved from https://mivg.iwpim.com.ua/index.php/mivg/article/view/10

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Obs.: This plugin requires at least one statistics/report plugin to be enabled. If your statistics plugins provide more than one metric then please also select a main metric on the admin's site settings page and/or on the journal manager's settings pages.