A stages of the editorial process is given in the list below:
- Pre-check.
- Peer Review.
- Revision.
- Editor Decision.
- Author Appeals.
- Production.
Pre-Check
The pre-screening stage consists of two main steps: a technical pre-check performed by the Editorial Office and an editorial pre-check performed by an Academic Editor.
Immediately after submission, the journal’s Managing Editor will perform a technical pre-check to assess the following:
- The overall suitability of the manuscript to the journal/section/Special Issue/Topic/Topical Collection;
- The manuscript’s adherence to high-quality research and ethical standards;
- The manuscript’s standards of rigor to qualify for further review.
An Academic Editor (i.e., the Editor-in-Chief in the case of regular submissions, the Guest Editor in the case of Special Issue submissions, the Topic Editor in the case of Topic submissions, the Collection Editor in the case of Topical Collection submissions, and an Editorial Board Member in cases of a conflict of interest and regular submissions if the Editor-in-Chief permits) will be notified of the submission and invited to perform an editorial pre-check. During the editorial pre-check phase, the Academic Editor will assess the suitability of the submission with respect to the scope of the journal and to the overall scientific soundness of the manuscript, including the relevance of the references and the correctness of the applied methodology. The Academic Editors can decide to reject the manuscript, request revision before peer review, or continue with the peer review process and recommend suitable reviewers.
The Guest Editors of Special Issues, Topic Editors of Topics, and Collection Editors of Topical Collections are not able to make decisions regarding the submission of their own manuscripts to their Special Issue/Topics/Topical Collection, as this would constitute a conflict of interest. An Editorial Board Member will instead be responsible for the editorial decision-making. The Guest Editor/Topic Editor/Collection Editor will be unable to access the review process except in their role as author. Similarly, Editors-in-Chief or other Editorial Board Members are not able to participate in the review process of their manuscript except in their role as author.
Peer Review (see below)
The peer review process is double-blind peer review, where, in addition to the author not knowing the identity of the reviewer, the reviewer is also unaware of the author’s identity. At least two review reports are collected for each submitted article.
Revision
In cases where only minor or major revision is recommended, Journal’s staff will request that the author revise the paper before referring to the Academic Editor. Where conflicting review reports are present, or where there are one or more recommendations for rejection, feedback from the Academic Editor is sought before a decision about revision is communicated to the authors. Additional reviewers or further review reports may be requested by the Academic Editors at this stage.
Revised versions of manuscripts may or may not be sent to reviewers, depending on whether the reviewer requested to see the revised version. By default, reviewers who request major revision or recommend rejection will be sent the revised manuscript. All reviewers can access the most recent version of the manuscript via Open Journal System.
A maximum of two rounds of major revision per manuscript are normally provided.
For manuscripts that require extensive revision, where the paper status is “Reject and Encourage Resubmission”, authors may choose to resubmit their manuscript to the same journal in their own time upon completion of comprehensive revision. Revised manuscripts submitted to the same journal will be assigned a new manuscript ID and linked to the original submission in our submission system (Open Journal system). Following resubmission, the editorial process will continue as normal. To ensure an efficient and effective peer review process, the same reviewers will be invited to review the resubmitted manuscript.
In the event that the journal’s editorial office is unable to maintain communication with the author during the manuscript review or production process, the journal reserves the right to withdraw the manuscript following a designated period of inactivity.
Editor Decision
Decisions to accept manuscripts can be made by the Chief Editor after peer review once at least two review reports have been received. Acceptance decisions are made by a Chief Editor (the Academic Editor, the Editor-in-Chief, a Guest Editor/Topic Editor/Collection Editor). Guest Editors/Topic Editors/Collection Editors are not able to make decisions on their own papers; these will instead be assigned to a suitable Editorial Board Member. When making a decision, we expect the Chief Editor to check the following:
- The suitability of the selected reviewers;
- The adequacy of the reviewers’ comments and the authors’ response;
- The overall scientific quality of the paper.
The Chief Editor can make a decision from among the following options: accept in its current form, accept with minor revision, reject and decline resubmission, reject but encourage resubmission, ask the author for a revision, or ask for an additional reviewer.
The Editors should alert the Editorial Office to any potential conflicts of interest that may bias, or be perceived to bias, the decision-making process.
Chief Editors should not recommend excessive citations of their own work (self-citations), of work by close colleagues, of another author’s work (honorary citations), or of articles from the journal in which their manuscript was submitted in order to increase the citations of Academic Editors/authors/the journal. Academic Editors may provide references as needed, but they must clearly improve the quality of the manuscript under review. Any form of citation manipulation is considered a misconduct and a violation of publication ethics. Academic Editors are recommended to read the relevant descriptions in the Citation manipulation discussion document by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).
Reviewers make recommendations, and the Editors-in-Chief or Academic Editors are free to disagree with their views. If they do so, they should justify their decision for the benefit of the authors and reviewers.
In some instances, an Editor may support the acceptance of a manuscript despite a reviewer recommending that it is rejected. In this scenario, Editorial staff will seek a second independent opinion (double decision) from an Editorial Board Member or the Editor-in-Chief before communicating a final decision to the authors. The double decision, provided by an Editorial Board Member or the Editor-in-Chief, is the final decision.
Articles can only be accepted for publication by an Academic Editor. Employed Editor staff will then inform the authors. Editor staff never make decisions regarding paper acceptance.
Editorial staff and Editorial Board Members (including Editors-in-Chief) are not involved in the processing of their own academic work. Their submissions are assigned and revised by at least two independent reviewers. Decisions are made by other Editorial Board Members who do not have a conflict of interest with the authors.
We aim to publish only manuscripts that are scientifically correct, and we do not artificially increase journal rejection rates, allowing the wider reader community to define the impact.
Author Appeals
Authors may appeal a rejection by sending an e-mail to the Editorial Office of the journal. The appeal must provide a detailed justification, including point-by-point responses to the reviewers' and/or editor's comments. Appeals can only be submitted following a “reject and decline resubmission” decision and should be submitted within three months from the decision date. Failure to meet these criteria will result in the appeal not being considered further. The Managing Editor will forward the manuscript and related information (including the identities of the referees) to a designated Editorial Board Member. The Academic Editor being consulted will be asked to provide an advisory recommendation regarding the manuscript and may recommend one of the following decisions: accept, send for further peer review, or uphold the original rejection decision. This decision will then be validated by the Editor-in-Chief. A reject decision at this stage is final and cannot be reversed.
