Study of drought manifestation and its effect on the thermal regime of vegetation surface of crops under irrigation
Abstract
Relevance of the topic. In recent years, irrigation management practices have faced new challenges related to climate change and the increase in the frequency and intensity of droughts in the southern regions. In addition, the latest technical and technological capabilities have emerged in irrigated agriculture to more effectively manage technological processes. All these processes occurring in real production and in the market of scientific and technical products, have determined the possibility and necessity of studying the influence of natural and agricultural conditions on the processes of energymass transfer in the "soil-plant-atmosphere" environment to improve management methods in modern irrigation conditions. Purpose of research is to investigate the features of formation of crop thermal regime in the conditions of air and soil drought manifestation under irrigation during 2018-2019. Research object. The research was carried out at the production fields of the farm “Freedom Farm International” in the Kakhovsky district of Kherson region during 2018-2019. Two experimental sites were equipped to carry out experimental studies on the crop rotation of "Gornostayevske -2". Methodology and Research methods. The methodology for the conduct of thermal water balance and phenological observations on the growth and development of crops at the experimental sites was applied. Standard field research techniques were used. Analytical, field, simulation modeling, mathematical statistics, geoinformation technologies (GIS), remote sensing of the Earth (RS) methods were used. Research results. As a result of the research in 2018-2019 a database of farm fields (crops, sowing dates, soil conditions, initial moisture reserves, irrigation machines and their characteristics) was created; phenological observations of plant growth and development were performed, heat and water balance calculations were made. It was established that to ensure optimal conditions for the use of thermal energy in different drought conditions, it is necessary to improve models and algorithms for operational planning of crop irrigation. Thus, to mitigate the influence of atmospheric drought, it is recommended to conduct refreshing irrigation, the timing of which can be determined on the basis of monitoring the temperature of the vegetation surface, using the data from the space images or ground-based observations. In addition, under drought conditions, in the case of applying water-balance methods used in irrigation management, it is necessary to adjust the biological coefficients of water consumption by crops, based on modeling the production process using the WOFOST model and identifying its parameters with the help of space images. The obtained new knowledge is aimed at improving irrigation management methods in modern conditions.
References
2. Van Diepen, C.A., Wolf, J., van Keulen, H., & Rappoldt, C. (1989). WOFOST: a simulation model of crop production. Soil use and management, 5, 1, 16-25.
3. Abadi, F. R., Tastra, I. K., & Koentjoro, B. S. (2018). Preliminary study of WOFOST crop simulation in its prospect for soybean (Glycine max L.) optimum harvest time and yield gap analysis in East Java. AGRIVITA Journal of Agricultural Science, 40, 3, 544–555.
4. Allen, R. G., Pereira, L. S., Raes, D.S., & Smith, M.L. (1998). Crop evapotranspiration. Guidlines for computing crop water requirements: Rome, United Nations Food and Agricultural Organization, FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper, 56. 300.
5. Zhovtonoh, O.I., Filipenko, L.A., Demenkova, T.F., Polishchuk, V.V., & Butenko, Ya. O. (2018). Vrakhuvannia zmin klimatu ta intensyvnosti posukh pry planuvanni zroshennia v zoni Pivdennoho Stepu Ukrainy [Irrigation planning taking into account climate change and draughts intensity in the Steppes zone of South Ukraine]. Melioratsiia i vodne hospodarstvo, 107 (1), 37-46. [in Ukrainian].
6. Cho, J., Oki, T., Yeh, P.J.F., Kim, W., Kanae, S., & Otsuki, K. (2012). On the relationship between the Bowen ratio and the near-surface air temperature // Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 108, 135–145.
7. Fahad, S., Bajwa, A. A., Nazir, U., Anjum, S. A., Farooq, A., Zohaib, A., & Huang, J. (2017). Crop Production under Drought and Heat Stress: Plant Responses and Management Options. Frontiers in plant science, Vol. 8.
Retrived from https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2017.01147/full
8. Colaizzi, P. D., O’Shaughnessy, S. A., Evett, S. R., & Howell, T. A. (2012). Using plant canopy temperature to improve irrigated crop management. Proceedings of the 24th Annual Central Plains Irrigation Conference, Colby, Kansas, February 21-22, 203-223.
9. Zhovtonoh, O.I., Filipenko, L.A., Polishchuk, V.V., Saliuk, A. F., & Khomenko, A.V. (2018). Zakonomirnosti enerhomasoobminu v seredovyshchi «hrunt-roslyna-atmosfera» v suchasnykh klimatychnykh ta hospodarskykh umovakh vykorystannia zroshennia [Patterns of energy-mass exchange in soil-plant-atmosphere environment under current climatic and economic conditions for irrigation]. Melioratsiia i vodne hospodarstvo, 108(2), 19-28. [in Ukrainian].
10. FIELDLOOK Company Inc. eleaf.com. Retrieved from: https://fieldlook.com/fieldlook20/index.php/en/.
11. Silva, Bruno Bonemberger da, Mercante, Erivelto, Boas, Marcio Antonio Vilas, Wrublack, Suzana Costa, & Oldoni, Lucas Volochen. (2018). Satellite-based ET estimation using Landsat 8 images and SEBAL model. Revista Ciência Agronômica, 49(2), 221-227. https://dx.doi.org/10.5935/1806-6690.20180025
12. Sah, S. K., Reddy, K. R., & Li, J. (2016). Abscisic Acid and Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crop Plants. Frontiers in plant science, 7, 571.
13. Bodner, Gernot & Nakhforoosh, Alireza & Kaul, Hans-Peter. (2015). Management of crop water under drought: a review. Agronomy for Sustainable Developmen, 35. 1-43.
