ASSESSMENT OF THE TECHNICAL CONDITION OF THE KRASNOPAVLIVSK RESERVOIR EARTH DAM
Abstract
Dams and weirs of the reservoirs are objects of increased man-made hazard, which is due to the high probability of catastrophic flooding of territories and destruction as a result of their breakthroughs. The probability of technogenic accidents at reservoirs increases not only with exceeding the design operating lifespan, but also as a result of hostilities and climate changes, which lead to changes in the hydrological regime of surface and groundwater. According to the conducted research, it has been found out that monolithic reinforced concrete supports of the upper slopes of dams are particularly susceptible to destruction. This is primarily due to the destruction of temperature-deformation and structural joints of fastening structures, as well as the manifestation of chemical and mechanical suffosion. As a result, cavities form in the base of the earth dam body deck, which leads to subsidence and destruction of the deck, a decrease in the stability of the upper slope, and the manifestation of filtration processes. In order to assess the technical condition of the structural elements of the earth dam of the Krasnopavlivsk reservoir and determine the potential reserve of its operation, field surveys were conducted, which allowed assessing the stability of both the fastening structures and the earth dam body. The reservoir was put into operation in 1984 as a component of the hydroelectric facility of Dnipro–Donbas canal. It ensures the uninterrupted operation of the canal, and in case of emergencies it is used as a freshwater reservoir for water supply. The reservoir dam is made of soil. The upper slope is secured in the lower part with a stone cape, and in the upper part with monolithic reinforced concrete slabs. The bottom slope is secured with a layer of soil with grass seeding. To discharge the filtration water and drain it into an open drainage collector, tubular drainage and discharge wells are arranged. The dam's load characteristics are typical for the most reservoir dams in Ukraine. During the surveys, a set of diagnostic methods was used, including non-destructive examinations of the concrete cover of the upper slope reinforcement and assessment of its strength using a Schmidt hammer, georadar studies to determine cavities in the thickness of the underlying layer of the soil dam base under the concrete cover using a VIY5 600 georadar, as well as geodetic methods for measuring the geometric parameters of facilities’ structures and the consequences of the destruction of structural elements. According to the research materials, violations of the geometric parameters of the dam were noted, as well as the presence of deformation processes in the form of the subsidence of the dam crest in places where anomalous phenomena occurred. The effect of the destruction of the concrete cover on the stability of the earth dam, the manifestation of the activation of filtration processes accompanied by increased suffosion of the underlying layer of the base of the reinforcement, were noted.
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